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Toyota Mark II

Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	1968 - 2004
Predecessor	Toyota Corona
Successor	Toyota Mark X
Class	Mid-size
Related	Toyota Cressida Toyota Chaser Toyota Cresta

The Toyota Mark II is a model name used by Toyota for several decades.

The first Mark II, called the Toyota Corona Mark II was an upscale version of the Toyota Corona sedan sold by Toyota. By the 1970s, the Mark II used a separate platform from the plain Corona and was much larger. Once the platform was separated, the car became known simply as the Toyota Mark II.

Subsequent Mark II models spawned several variations, each of them sedans but with different styling. The sportier Toyota Chaser and Toyota Cresta appeared in the late-1970s.

The Mark II found much success throughout its life as the definitive private-use executive car in Japan (the larger Toyota Crown was considered more of a chauffeur-driven car for upper management, and the Toyota Century is the flagship sedan on a presidential level). The Mark II and its variants often sold in numbers comparable to the smaller Toyota Corona and Toyota Corolla. Popularity peaked in the 1980s and the Mark II was available with engines ranging from a 1.8 liter 4-cylinder to a turbocharged 2.5-liter than pushed the 280 horsepower (209 kW) self-imposed limit of the Japanese auto industry. Like the first-generation Corolla in 1966, the Mark II would come to symbolize Toyota's winning formula of capturing its customer's upward aspirations through excellent perceived quality.

[edit] Generation 1 (1968-1972) T60/T70 series

First Generation

Production	1968 -1972
Body style(s)	4-door sedan 4-door station wagon 2-door coupe
Length	4295 mm (169.1 in)
Width	1610 mm (63.4 in)
Height	1405 mm (55.3 in)
Fuel capacity	13.7 US gallons (51.9 L/11.4 imp gal)

The Corona Mark II, was designed as a model line that was between the top model Crown and the Corona. Basically it's a slightly higher spec than a Corona, with many of the same features of the larger Crown. The four door sedan was designated as the T60 and the 2 door coupe the T70. In 1970 there were minor cosmetic changes in the front grille. The 1600cc 7R series engine was replaced by the 1700cc 6R series engine. A year later the 1500cc 2R models were replace by the 1600cc 12R engines.

US exported version for the same model year, often include the more powerful R series motors compared to other regions. While Japan and other markets often had 1.5L 2R (1500cc), 1.6L 7R/12R (1600cc) to 1.7L 6R (1700cc) models as well.

RT62 sedans and RT72 coupe features the 1.8L 8R (1900cc).

RT63 sedan, RT73 coupe, RT78/RT79 station wagons feature 2L 18R (2000cc)

[edit] Generation 2 (1972-1976) X10/X20 series

Second Generation

Production	1972-1976
Body style(s)	4-door sedan 4-door station wagon 2-door coupe
Wheelbase	2645 mm (104.1 in) sedan 2585 mm (101.8 in) wagon
Length	4325 mm (170.3 in) 4399 mm (173.2 in) wagon
Width	1625 mm (64 in)
Height	1380 mm (54.3 in) sedan 1389 mm (54.7 in) wagon
Curb weight	1080 kg (2381 lb) sedan
Fuel capacity	15.9 US gallons (60.2 L/13.2 imp gal)

The second generation Corona Mark II was based on a new X series platform abandoning the compact Corona T series chassis. X20's are referring to the 2-door sedans, while the X10's are the sedans and wagons. The i6 M was added to form the L series, in order to compete better with the Nissan Skyline. The dramatically different styling used on this series is similar to the Renault 16.

Available engine choices include

• i4 1700 6 R
• i4 2000 18 R
• i4 2000 18 R-G DOHC
• i6 2000 M

In 1973, there was a minor change. An entry level wagon was introduced with a 5-speed MT. EFI was introduced on the i4 2000 18R engine. The i4 1700 6 R engine was replaced by the 1800 16R.

Toyota Corona MarkII GSS

[edit] In America

The Crown line of cars was no longer being exported due to poor sales. This left a hue gap in Toyota North America's line up, with only smaller compact cars. The second generation fortunately increased in size. The Corona Mark II would be the only sensible option for families transitioning from larger American Detroit cars in the mist of the oil crisis. In 1973 it was marketed in the US as a fully loaded car with few added options. Standard features include a 6 cylinder SOHC engine, 4 speed standard transmission, front disc brakes, heater defroster, bucket seats. Some available options are, 8-track audio, power steering, air conditioning and 3-speed automatic transmission.

[edit] Generation 3 (1976-1980) X30/X40 series

Third Generation

Production	1976 -1980
Body style(s)	4-door sedan 4-door station wagon 2-door coupe
Wheelbase	2645 mm (104.1 in)
Length	4615 mm (181.7 in)
Width	1680 mm (66.1 in)
Height	1455 mm (57.3 in)
Curb weight	1215 kg (2679 lb)

The third generation was introduced with a more upscale European type design. The lines are a combination of the previous generations American with a British front end. In 1978, this model generation was the last cars that feature the Toyopet name. The Grande trim was added. Grande's feature 6 cylinder engines.

In 1998, Toyota released a car called Progres. The Progres front end looks sort of like an updated version of the X30/X40 series sedan. Example, both of them have a combination of round and squared lighting. The grille and bonnet also has similar shapes, size and lines.

[edit] Chaser

The Toyota Chaser was released in 1977. Based on the same chassis as the Mark II, they are very similar. The idea of the Chaser was a sportier version of the Mark II, often with more powerful engines, turbo, and different suspension setups. On an overview that are virtually identical, with slightly different packages of options.

[edit] Cressida

The Corona Mark II was sold overseas under the name Toyota Cressida, which was Toyota's flagship offering in the US and Australia. In Australia, the Cressida was withdrawn from sale in early 1993 on the X80 series so as not to compete against the new widebody Camry-Vienta, and Lexus ES300 and LS400. The Cressida was replaced by the first designed-for-America Toyota Avalon was introduced as Toyota's new US flagship.

[edit] Generation 4 (1980-1984) X60 series

Fourth Generation

Production	1980-1984
Body style(s)	4-door sedan 4-door station wagon
Transmission(s)	4-speed automatic 3-speed automatic 4-speed manual 5-speed manual
Wheelbase	2645 mm (104.1 in)
Length	4640 mm (182.7 in)
Width	1690 mm (66.5 in)
Height	1425 mm (56.1 in)
Curb weight	1225 kg (2701 lb)

The fourth generation Corona Mark II was launched in 1980. It was still badged as the Corona Mark II but many of the advertisement at the time simply refer to it as the Mark II. Power by either the 1G-EU, Turbo charged M-TEU, 5M-EU and fuel injected version of the 18R-GEU was available in the GT. A diesel version was also available. In 1982 the twin-cam 1G-GEU engine was added. In 1983 the automatic transmission was changed to the electronic controlled 4 speed.

This Mark II generation was considered successful spawning commercial, taxi and drivers training vehicles. This made the Mark II familiar to everyone in Japan, as just about everyones initial experience was learning to drive or riding in the taxi's based on them. The Mark II was fairly common along with the Corona as a Taxi, until the release of the Crown Comfort in 1995.

[edit] Cresta

The Toyota Cresta was launched in 1980. Based on the same chassis as the Mark II, they are very similar. The goal of the Cresta was a higher class luxury version of the Mark II. Often available with two-tone paint and more interior convenience options. This ended up being more similar to the Cressida. The introduction of the Camry in the USA, transformed the Cressida into a near luxury car.

[edit] Generation 5 (1984-1988) X70 series

Fifth Generation

Production	1984-1988
Body style(s)	4-door sedan 4-door station wagon
Engine(s)	1.8L 4-cylinder 2.0L 4-cylinder 2.0L 6-cylinder 2.4L 4-cylinder diesel
Transmission(s)	4-speed automatic 3-speed automatic 4-speed manual 5-speed manual
Wheelbase	2660 mm (104.7 in)
Length	4650 mm (183.1 in)
Width	1690 mm (66.5 in)
Height	1415 mm (55.7 in)
Curb weight	1280 kg (2822 lb)

The 1984 model dropped the Corona name and simply called Mark II. This generation Mark II had a lot of rivals including the Nissan Leopard. The Mark II continued to remain very viable for fleet sales, government agencies and taxi services.

[edit] Station wagon/Van/Estate (1984-1997)

The station wagon version of the chassis was produced from 1984 to 1997. That's 13 years without a major reworking. Common usage of the wagons was for service industry. Examples include, bulkier local parcel delivery, electronic and mechanical repair shops. It was finally superseded with the Mark II Qualis. Based on the same platform as the Toyota Vista/Toyota Camry Gracia. The Qualis was than replaced by the Mark II Blit in 2002.

[edit] Generation 6 (1988-1992) X80 series

Sixth Generation

Production	1988-1992
Body style(s)	4-door sedan
Wheelbase	2730 mm (107.5 in)
Length	4690 mm (184.6 in)
Width	1695 mm (66.7 in)
Height	1375 mm (54.1 in)
Curb weight	1480 kg (3263 lb)

First released in August 1988. The height of the car is lower than previous and generation. It's about the same height as the second generation Mark II.

The Grande G series in 1989 uses the 3.0L 7M-GE engine. Featuring Traction Control and ABS.

In 1990, 1JZ-GE and 1JZ-GTE (280ps) is first introduced on this generation replacing the 1G-GZE. The GT did not have MT transmission available, and were strictly AT.

After 1992, the X80 series continued to be produced for taxi fleet vehicles until 1995, when the Crown Comfort finally took over.

[edit] Generation 7 (1992-1996) X90 series

Seventh Generation

Production	1992-1996
Body style(s)	4-door sedan
Layout	Front engine, RWD / 4WD
Wheelbase	2730 mm (107.5 in)
Length	4750 mm (187 in)
Width	1750 mm (68.9 in)
Height	1390 mm (54.7 in)
Curb weight	1390 kg (3064 lb)

First released in October 1992. Mark II has been revised during the period, it has received new front bumper(including grill), rear bumpers and tail lights. Compared to the previous generation, this car had loss some weight. This was mainly do to regulations. The AWD version was introduced with the Grande Four and Grande G Four.

The optional Tourer V had a reinforced body, sport suspension, stronger drivetrain, and a turbo 2.5 liter inline 6 engine know as the 1JZ-GTE. It came from the factory with 280 horsepower (210 kW) and optional 5-speed transmission. The 1JZ-GTE engine is very easily upgradeable and with very little money, 330 hp (250 kW) was easily attainable. The internals of the 1JZ-GTE engine can handle 500 hp (370 kW) without modification.^{[citation needed]} This makes the Mark II Tourer V a popular choice among tuners, enthusiasts, and drifters.

The REGALIA version was also introduced.

[edit] Generation 8 (1996-2000) X100 series

Eighth Generation

Production	1996-2000
Body style(s)	4-door sedan
Wheelbase	2730 mm (107.5 in)
Length	4760 mm (187.4 in)
Width	1755 mm (69.1 in)
Height	1400 mm (55.1 in)
Curb weight	1480 kg (3263 lb)

First released in September 1996. The new 1JZ-GTE engine is equipped with VVTi. Traction control system has been upgrade to ETCS from TRC. The Mark II design slightly changed once more. Becoming increasingly popular among auto enthusiasts in the mid 90's, Toyota went for a more aggressive approach. Couple with a powerful engine and solid chassis, the Mark II is a formidable platform for a fast car.

In celebrating the Mark II's 30th anniversary, a special Trente (French for 30) version was offered.

[edit] Generation 9 (2000-2004) X110 series

Ninth Generation

Production	2000-2004
Body style(s)	4-door sedan 4-door station wagon
Wheelbase	2780 mm (109.4 in)
Length	4735 mm (186.4 in)
Width	1760 mm (69.3 in)
Height	1460 mm (57.5 in)
Curb weight	1530 kg (3373 lb)

A 35th Anniversary REGALIA edition was reintroduced. Often called Grande 35th.

[edit] Mark II Blit (2002-2007)

The Mark II Blit was introduced in 2002, replacing the Mark II Qualis.

[edit] next generation

[edit] VEROSSA (2001-2004)

Sales began to slide as customers moved toward minivans, SUVs, and sometimes keicars in light of Japan's extended economic slump. Toyota began reconstructing its luxury sedan line, eliminating the Chaser and Cresta and introducing new nameplates such as the Toyota Verossa, and the slightly smaller Toyota Progres, Toyota Brevis. Sales did not improve with the Verossa, while the other models did slightly better but unspectacular, they were later discontinued in 2007.

[edit] Mark X (2004-current)

The latest Mark II was released in 2004, renamed the Mark X. This redesign is a consciously more sporting effort in an attempt to revive the nameplate. The Mark X model being sold in Japan is fitted with the 2.5L 4GR-FSE and 3.0L 3GR-FSE